On May 13, 1917, three children elaborated their grazing tasks his flock in the Cova da Iria, parish of Fatima, their names were: Lucia de Jesus, aged 10, and Francisco and Jacinta Marto, 9 and 7 years. Around noon, after the recitation of the Rosary, they were entertained to build a small stone house, which currently is located the Basilica until viewed a strong and bright light, thinking it would be lightning, children they fled suddenly another flash falls on them, illuminating the holm, which today is the Chapel of the Apparitions, so comes a “Lady more brilliant than the sun”, its description, which hung in his hands a white rosary.

The three children, the Lady said to pray and that in the following months to return to the site on 13 at the same time. And so the children did on the 13th of June, July, September and October, and in August, the apparition took place at Valinhos, 500 meters from Aljustrel on the 19th, since the children were taken by the Administrator the Council, to Vila Nova de Ourem, on 13 August. On October 13, in his last appearance, already had seventy thousand people, and this lady said it was “Lady of the Rosary” calling for the construction of a chapel in his honor.

Some time later, Our Lady comes to religious Lucia Santa Dorotea in Spain on December 10, 1925, February 15, 1926, in the Convent of Pontevedra and in the night from 13 to 14 June 1929, in the Convent of Tuy asking him devotion of the five first Saturdays, praying the rosary, meditating on the mysteries of the Rosary, was confessing, receiving Holy Communion and asking for the Consecration of Russia.